Pre9 Dysrhy/CAD

The electrophysiological basis of automaticity is
A. inhibition of the sodium-potassium pump.
B. slow leak of sodium into the cell.
C. rapid influx of calcium.
D. rapid influx of potassium.

All of the following decrease heart work and oxygen demand EXCEPT
A. decreasing contractility.
B. decreasing heart rate.
C. increasing duration of diastole.
D. increasing preload.

When looking at an electrical tracing of the heart, the passage of electricity through the atria is displayed as:
A. The QRS
B. The P wave
C. The AV node
D. The QT interval

Which of the following should be given in the immediate time period after a heart attack?
A. quinidine and lidocaine
B. calcium channel blockers and acetaminophen
C. beta blockers and aspirin
D. amiodarone and hydrocortisone

Examples of class I antidysrhythmics which block sodium channels are:
A. Quinidine (DURAQUIN) and lidocaine (XYLOCAINE)
B. amiodarone (CORDARONE) and bretylium (BRETYLOL)
C. prazosin (MINIPRESS) and clonidine (CATAPRES)
D. Carbamazepine (TEGRETOL) and phenobarbital (LUMINAL)

The patient has a rapid atrial heart rate and the nurse will be giving adenosine (ADENOCARD). Because of its short duration of action, it is most important that the nurse:
A. Verifies good renal function before administering.
B. Monitors the blood pressure every 5 minutes during administration.
C. Avoids crushing the sustained release tablets.
D. Gives it intravenously over 1-3 seconds.

(It is only available IV and no adjustment is needed for renal insufficiency. The half life is 10 seconds. If you don't push it fast IV, the first part of your dose will be metabolized before you give the last part, thus the dose will never be therapeutic.)

Match the disease to it's associated pathology.
Angina  :  Heart muscle has limited oxygen.
Myocardial infarction  :  Heart muscle dies from no oxygen
Stroke :  Brain tissue dies from no oxygen

Match column 1 to the appropriate description in column 2.
3 drug classes used to treat angina - Nitrates, Calcium channel blockers, Beta blockers
3 brands of nitroglycerin - Nitrostat, Nitrobid, Nitro-dur
3 brands of isosorbide - Dilatrate SR, Isordil, Sorbitrate
3 reasons to give a calcium channel blocker - angina, hypertension, dysrhythmia

A normal adult dose of VASCOR is:
A. 10 mg daily
B. 30 mg qid (4x/day)
C. 20 mg tid (3x/day)
D. 200 mg daily

In general, antidysrhythmic drugs
A. Decrease automaticity, slow conduction rates, and increase refractoriness
B. Increase automaticity, slow conduction rates, and decrease refractoriness
C. Increase automaticity, speed conduction rates, and increase refractoriness
D. Decrease automaticity, speed conduction rates, and decrease refractoriness

An action potential characterized by a slow leak of ions into the cell, that has a phase 0, phase 3, and phase 4, is a __________.

A. repolarization potential
B. slow action potential
C. muscle action potential
D. fast action potential.

If it took extra long for electricity to get from the atrium to the ventricle, what would you see on the EKG?
A. An inverted P wave.
B. A prolonged PR interval.
C. A wide QRS.
D. A prolonged ST segment.

Drugs useful in treating angina include:
1. Calcium channel blockers because they relax arterial smooth muscle and may slow heart rate.
2. Sodium channel blockers because they slow conduction within the heart.
3. Potassium channel blockers because they increase the refractory period.
4. Magnesium channel blockers because they reduce preload and afterload.

Examples of Class II Antidysrhythmic drugs are:
A. Sotalol and propanolol
B. Verapamil and diltiazem
C. Digoxin and atropine
D. Flecainide and disopyramide