Post7 ANS2/CHF

The mechanism of action of atropine is
A. activation of post-synaptic muscarinic receptors.
B. blockade of pre-synaptic alpha receptors.
C. antagonism of acetylcholine binding sites.
D. releasing norepinephrine from nerve endings.         

Your patient has high blood pressure and you are considering giving him Beta-adrenergic blocking agents. Which of the following questions should you ask prior to ordering a beta blocker like propranolol (INDERAL)?
A. Do you have asthma?
B. Do you have food intolerances?
C. Do you have a family history of alcholism?
D. Are you allergic to penicillin?         

Which of the following drugs would be effective in treating hypertension?
A. DOBUTamine (DOBUTREX)         
B. prazosin (MINIPRESS)          
C. albuterol (PROVENTIL)         
D. phenylephrine (NEOSYNEPHRINE)         

You are making a home visit for physical therapy on a patient with a history of hypertension. When you ask if there have been any changes since your last visit, the patient tells you that yesterday the doctor increased the prazosin (MINIPRESS) dose. This alerts you to check for:
A. Anaphylactic allergic reaction.
B. wheezing
C. Hypotension and dizziness when the patient stands up.D. Muscle spasms and tremors

The patient is in mild to moderate heart failure but is stable and is seen in the outpatient clinic. The heart rate is slightly elevated at 90. BP is normal at 110/70. The patient receives carvedilol (COREG) to:
A. Suppress the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors thereby decreasing heart rate.
B. Reduce afterload so the heart doesn't have to work so hard.
C. Stimulate alpha-1 receptors and keep the blood pressure up.
D. Activate alpha-2 receptors thereby decreasing SNS outflow from the central nervous system

Which of the following drug classes produces the desired pharmacological effects by interacting with presynaptic receptors to reduce SNS outflow from the CNS?
A. alpha 1 agonists
B. alpha 2 agonists
C. beta 1 agonists
D. beta 2 agonists

If a person has heart failure, the cardiac output is lower than is needed for adequate tissue blood flow. How should you improve cardiac output in a person who has lung congestion, jugular vein distention, tachycardia, and ankle edema?
A. increase preload.
B. decrease afterload.C. increase heart work.
D. increase afterload.

Drugs that improve morbidity and mortality in heart failure include:
A. Digoxin
B. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
C. Calcium channel blockers such as diltiazem (CARDIZEM)
D. The beta blocker carvedilol

Drugs that improve morbidity and mortality in heart failure include:
A. Digoxin
B. Calcium channel blockers
C. Potassium supplements
D. ACE inhibitors

Patients who have NYHA class III heart failure generally take several medications. One of the most important of these is:
1. angiotensin converting enzymes such as angiotensin
2. peripheral alpha blockers such as prazocin
3. beta 2 adrenergics such as albuterol
4. a beta blocker such as carvedilol.

A brown eyed runner needs medication to reduce intraocular pressure. Which is the best choice?
A. lantanoprost
B. brimomidine
C. betaxolol
D. finasteride

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents are used in the management of
A. pneumonia.
B. cirrhosis.
C. heart failure.D. asthma.

Propranolol (INDERAL) adverse effects include all of the following EXCEPT
A. bronchoconstriction.
B. hypertension.C. impotence.
D. fatigue.

Atropine has which pharmacological property?
A. dilation of pupilB. excessive sweating
C. decreased heart rate
D. increased GI motility

In heart failure, with excess fluid in the body, the most effective way to increase cardiac output is to:
A. keep afterload low
B. keep preload high
C. keep afterload high
D. keep preload low

Patients who have NYHA class III heart failure generally take several medications. One of the most important of these is:
1. angiotensin converting enzymes such as angiotensin
2. beta 2 adrenergics such as albuterol
3. a beta blocker such as carvedilol.
4. peripheral alpha blockers such as prazocin